Structures de données
Sept unités sur la façon dont les programmes stockent les données : tableaux et tableaux dynamiques, piles, files et tampons circulaires, listes chaînées, tables de hachage, arbres binaires de recherche, et comment choisir entre eux. Chaque unité propose un labo qui exécute les insertions et les suppressions pas à pas en comptant le travail, deux exercices en JavaScript vérifiés dans la page, et 10 questions d'entraînement corrigées.
Progression
- 1Les tableaux
- 2Les piles
- 3Les files
- 4Les listes chaînées
- 5Les tables de hachage
- 6Les arbres binaires de recherche
- 7Choisir une structure de données
Sources de ce cours (11)
- MIT OpenCourseWare 6.006 Introduction to Algorithms, Spring 2020 (Demaine, Ku, Solomon)
- lecture notes 2 Data Structures (interface vs data structure, Sequence and Set interfaces, stack = insert_last/delete_last, queue = insert_last/delete_first, array, linked list, dynamic array, amortized Θ(1) append)
- 4 Hashing (chaining, pigeonhole collisions, chain length n/m)
- 6 Binary Trees Part 1 (height, traversal order, O(h) operations) and 7 Binary Trees Part 2: AVL (Adelson-Velsky and Landis, 1962) at ocw.mit.edu/courses/6-006-introduction-to-algorithms-spring-2020/pages/lecture-notes
- MDN Web Docs, Array.prototype.shift (shifts all values left by 1)
- Array.prototype.unshift, Map (insertion order, Map vs Object, spec requires sublinear average access) and Set (developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects)
- ECMAScript 2025 Language Specification (tc39.es/ecma262)
- 24.1 Map Objects and 24.2 Set Objects ("must be implemented using either hash tables or other mechanisms that, on average, provide access times that are sublinear on the number of elements")
- Array.prototype.shift steps (Repeat, while k < len: move element k to k - 1)
- D. E. Knuth, The Art of Computer Programming vol. 3 (2nd ed. 1998) section 6.4 History (H. P. Luhn, IBM internal memorandum January 1953, hashing with chaining; digit pairs added mod 10, 31415926 -> 4548) via gwern.net copy, and IEEE Spectrum, "Hans Peter Luhn and the Birth of the Hashing Algorithm" (2018)
- "A brief history of the stack", SIGCIS (sigcis.org/files/A brief history.pdf: Bauer and Samelson applied for the patent in 1957, US 3,047,228 granted July 31, 1962; IPL list processing by Newell, Simon and Shaw at RAND 1956) and Wikipedia, Information Processing Language (Newell, Shaw, Simon, RAND and Carnegie Institute of Technology, about 1956).
Consulté le: 2026-10-18