化学結合
食塩はなぜ立方体になり、水はなぜ折れ曲がり、銅はなぜ引きのばして針金にできるのでしょうか。14の分子を3Dで回し、球棒モデルと空間充填モデルを切りかえ、それぞれの物質のふるまいを決める結合角を測ってみましょう。
進み具合
このコースの出典 (9)
- NIST Computational Chemistry Comparison and Benchmark Database, experimental geometries (cccbdb.nist.gov, bond lengths H2 74.1 pm, N2 109.8 pm, O2 120.8 pm, H2O 95.8 pm and 104.5°, NH3 101.2 pm, CH4 108.7 pm, C2H6 C-C 153.6 pm, C2H4 C=C 133.9 pm, C2H2 C≡C 120.3 pm, CO2 116.2 pm, benzene 139.7 pm)
- PubChem compound pages for sodium chloride (melting point 801 °C)
- water, methane (boiling point −161.5 °C) and ethanol (pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
- PubChem periodic table JSON (Pauling electronegativity, melting points)
- IUPAC CIAAW abridged standard atomic weights 2024 (ciaaw.org/abridged-atomic-weights.htm)
- LibreTexts General Chemistry: VSEPR theory and molecular geometry (chem.libretexts.org, Gillespie and Nyholm 1957, tetrahedral 109.5°, NH3 107°, H2O 104.5°)
- LibreTexts bond energies (H-H 436 kJ/mol)
- R. D. Shannon, Acta Cryst. A32 (1976) 751, ionic radii Na⁺ 102 pm and Cl⁻ 181 pm, NobelPrize.org Linus Pauling facts (nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1954/pauling/facts)
- G. N. Lewis, "The atom and the molecule", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 38 (1916) 762.
確認日: 2026-10-17