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Home›Numbers and arithmetic

Decimals and percent

Seven units on decimals and percent for everyday arithmetic: place value, adding and multiplying decimals, switching between fractions, decimals and percents, discounts, tax and tips, percent change, percentage points, and rounding. Each unit has diagrams, worked examples and 10 practice questions with the calculation shown.

Progress
  1. 1Decimal place valueIn 52.307 the 3 is worth three tenths, the 0 holds the hundredths place empty, and the 7 is seven thousandths.
  2. 2Adding, subtracting and multiplying decimalsLine up the points to add 12.5 and 3.75; count the places to multiply 2.4 by 0.35 and get 0.84.
  3. 3Fractions, decimals and percents3/8, 0.375 and 37.5% are the same amount written three ways.
  4. 4Discounts, sales tax and tipsAn 80-dollar jacket at 25% off costs 60 dollars, and you can get there in one step by working out 75% of 80.
  5. 5Percent increase and decreaseA price that goes up 20% and then down 20% ends 4% lower than where it started.
  6. 6Percentage pointsAn interest rate that goes from 2% to 3% rises by one percentage point, which is a 50% increase in the rate.
  7. 7Rounding decimals7.2649 rounded to the nearest hundredth is 7.26, because the digit after the hundredths place is 4.
Sources for this course (10)
  • Curriculum: 교육부 고시 제2022-33호 [별책 8] 수학과 교육과정 (ncic.re.kr/inv/org/download.do?year=2022&seq=10003559&orgType=ogi4, PDF read 2026-10-19: 초등학교 3~4학년군 [4수01-12] 소수 한 자리 수, [4수01-13] 소수 두 자리 수와 세 자리 수, [4수01-14] 소수의 크기 비교, [4수01-16] 소수 두 자리 수 범위의 덧셈과 뺄셈, 용어 소수·소수점; 5~6학년군 [6수01-03] 올림·버림·반올림, [6수01-12] 분수와 소수의 관계, [6수01-13] 소수의 곱셈, [6수01-14] 몫을 소수로, [6수01-15] 소수의 나눗셈, [6수02-03] 비율을 분수·소수·백분율로, 용어 비·기준량·비교하는 양·비율·백분율·%; 중학교 1~3학년군 [9수01-06] 순환소수, 용어 유한소수·순환소수; 고등학교 진로 선택 경제 수학 [12경수01-03] 세금, 용어 퍼센트포인트·할인율; 직무 수학 [12직수02-02] 손익률·인상률·할인율)
  • Textbook: OpenStax, Prealgebra 2e (Marecek, Anthony-Smith, Honeycutt Mathis, 2020)
  • sections 5.1 Decimals, 5.2 Decimal Operations, 5.3 Decimals and Fractions, 6.1 Understand Percent, 6.2 Solve General Applications of Percent, 6.3 Sales Tax, Commission and Discount, chapter 5 and 6 Key Concepts (openstax.org/books/prealgebra-2e/pages/5-key-concepts, /6-key-concepts, /6-3-solve-sales-tax-commission-and-discount-applications, checked 2026-10-17)
  • Merriam-Webster, "percentage point" (merriam-webster.com/dictionary/percentage%20point, checked 2026-10-17)
  • NIST, SI Units: Length (nist.gov/pml/owm/si-units-length, checked 2026-10-17)
  • 국세청, 부가가치세 세율 (nts.go.kr/nts/cm/cntnts/cntntsView.do?mi=2275&cntntsId=7696, 일반과세자 모든 업종 10%, checked 2026-10-19)
  • 부가가치세법 제30조 「부가가치세의 세율은 10퍼센트로 한다」 (law.go.kr, checked 2026-10-19)
  • Python round(2.5) and JavaScript (1.005).toFixed(2)
  • checked by running them (2026-10-17)
  • History block only: MacTutor, University of St Andrews, Simon Stevin biography (mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Stevin, checked 2026-10-17)

Checked: 2026-10-17